Simple English Essay on POLLUTION for Matric FSc Students

Pollution is a universal problem of our age. Pollution means contamination of the environment as a result of human activities. Nature has provided man an ideal atmosphere. There is a natural envelope around the earth that protects air, water and land. it is called the biosphere. It has the natural capability to dispose of the human wastes. But the activities of human beings during the past few years have started producing enormous wastes. The last fifty, sixty years have witnessed so much wastes that the biosphere could not dispose them of properly. The result is the contamination of the environment. We call it pollution. Scientists have declared that the pollution of this amount is a threat to the health of our planet.

The situation of pollution in our country has become alarming. Our country is primarily an agricultural Country. Human beings, animals, birds and crops all depend on water for their existence. Recent surveys show that the sources of water in Pakistan are highly polluted. They pose a serious threat to human health, to the environment and to the biodiversity. WHO (World Health Organization) and EU (European Union) have prescribed that coliform should not be present in such sources of water. Coliform is the poisonous matter emitted a species of bacteria known as E. coli. In Pakistan, the rate of coliform is very high.

The real measurement of polution load is Chemica Oxygen Demand. It shows industrial and sewage waste water. In our Country, it is generally around 100 mg per litre, while it should be less than 5 mg/l. Similarly, Biological Oxygen Demand should be less than 6.5 mg/l. In Pakistan, it is usually around 50 mg/l. The polluted water in our Country is depositing poisonous materials on the surface of the earth. As a result, the air is overloaded with pollutants. A recent report shows that arsenic a deadly substance - has been found in at least eight cities across the Country. Human beings and animals are suffering from numerous airborne and waterborne diseases. Wildlife is in danger. Migratory birds have stopped coming to Pakistan because of environmental pollution.

The main causes of pollution are the massive increase in population, industrial expansion and the excessive use of automobiles. Human wastes are mostly in the form of carbon dioxide and sewage. Modern industries are emitting poisonous gases in the air. At the same time, they give up their wastes in the form of , liquids. These liquids spoil the subsoil water.

Motor vehicles running all around us have given us ease and comfort. But their smoke has caused global warming. All these factors are producing wastes in such quantity that natural dispersing and recycling processes cannot always keep расе.

The use of synthetic substances has worsened the problem. These substances dissolve with extreme slowness. Some of them do not dissolve at all. Plastics, fibres, organic pesticides, industrial chemicals and their wastes are such substances. This type of the garbage and toxic chemicals have polluted the land. They have mixed with the surface water and the underground water.

Industrial waste products mainly contain sulphur dioxide and various nitrogen oxides. These airborne industrial wastes and automobile emissions combine with atmospheric moisture and cause acid rain and smog. Acid rain is the form of precipitation containing high levels of sulphuric or nitric acids. It contaminatesus water, damages vegetation and kills life in water. Smog is the combination of smoke and fog. it is very common in industrial cities.

The excessiveuse of pesticides has poisoned wildlife. Highly toxic radioactive wastes from nuclear power installations are causing diseases that have no Cure at all. This pollution is resulting in numerous human health problems. Cance, birth defects, genetic changes, weak eyesight, defective respiratory system chronic headaches, fatigue, irritability and digestive disorder are some of them. w Traffic on road, no doubt, speaks of man's progress but it causes air pollution as well as noise pollution. Noise pollution is also caused by the big industrial units. Those who work in factories suffer from countless psychological diseases because of the unbearable noise of machines. Scientific progress has damaged our peace of mind.

The environmental pollution of today is the direct offshoot of the Scientific progress. The use of the scientific method in the industrial field is producing air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. The result is that we do not have fresh air to breathe. If proper measures are not taken to put an end to environmental pollution, mankind will suffer a great loss. To stay healthy, we should keep our planet clean.